Warwicks, who fielded Ian Bell after his low scoring for England in the Ashes plus England Saxon call ups Jon Trott and Chris Woakes, won the toss and opted to field.
Naqassh Tahir did the damage for Warwicks taking 4-89 including openers Newman,Wood and Wagh to leave Notts on 43-3.
Vogts, who made 68 and Patel (47) pushed the score on before Chris Read hit 110 runs from 149 balls which included 17 fours.
Mark Ealham made 37 and Adams 32 before Notts were all out for 388.
Warwicks send in nightwatchman Ant Botha who scored sixteen runs as they reached 24-0 at stumps.